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Section
1c. Functional
Components: Cells
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| EPITHELIAL
CELLS: These cells make up the majority of
the epidermis. Immature cells are programmed
to divide, migrate, and mature to
keratin-producing cells called keratinocytes.
The signal to activate this process comes from
messenger proteins called growth factors as
well as through contact direction from key
dermal adhesive proteins. |
| FIBROBLASTS:
These cells of mesenchymal origin (embryonic connective
tissues) are normally present in the dermis
and produce normal dermal replacement
components. After injury, these cells migrate
into the wound and proliferate in order to
produce increased quantities of these dermal
proteins and matrix. |
| FIBROBLAST
PRODUCTS |
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Collagen
(Type I predominant in skin)
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Matrix
proteins
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Proteoglycans,
glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronic acid, other
matrix components
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Growth factors
and other growth stimulants
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| ENDOTHELIAL
CELLS: These cells make up the lining of
micro and macro vessels and also make up the
lining of new capillaries produced after
injuries. These cells are attracted into the
wounds by local signals. |
| MACROPHAGES:
These cells of mesenchymal origin
(embryonic connective tissues) are normally
present in tissues but increase in number
after injury, attracted by chemical messages
released by the activation of inflammation.
These long-lived cells release the protein
chemical messages, growth factors, and growth
stimulants which orchestrate healing in an
organized fashion. |
| PLATELETS:
These factor-rich particles release a host of
growth factors and adherence proteins during
the initial post-burn period. |
| NEUTROPHILS:
These short-lived cells have been an immune
function and are the first cells migrating to
the wound service. Their role is to control
bacteria or other toxic elements from surface
penetration. Excessive inflammation, as occurs
with surface dead tissue or ongoing
stimulation of neutrophils sequestration, will
impede healing. Surface exudate is rich in
dean and dying neutrophils and in toxic
protease activity. |
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